三丁酸甘油酯改善热应激肉鸡的生长性能

简单摘要

暴露在高温环境虾引发的热应激是亚热带地区家禽面临的主要健康问题之一，严重影响其健康与生产性能。本研究旨在评估饲粮中添加三丁酸甘油酯对羽鸡在周期性热应激（CHS）条件下生长性能、肉质、肌肉氧化状态及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明，周期性热应激显著降低了生长性能并损害肉质，而饲粮中添加三丁酸甘油酯可部分缓解热应激对这些指标的负面影响。此外，三丁酸甘油酯通过增强肌肉抗氧化能力改善肉质，这一作用被认为与激活Nrf2信号通路相关。这些发现为开发羽鸡抗热应激饲料添加剂提供了重要依据。 

摘要

热应激对家禽生产性能和肉质质量产生不利影响，导致经济损失。本研究旨在探讨添加三丁酸甘油酯对肉鸡在周期性热应激（CHS）条件下生长性能、肉质质量、肌肉氧化状态及肠道菌群的影响。实验采用120日龄泰和乌骨鸡（公鸡）随机分为六组进行饲喂处理，包括正常对照组(NC，饲喂基础饲料）、热应激对照组(HS，饲喂基础饲料），以及分别添加0.04%、0.08%、0.16%和0.32%三丁酸甘油酯的HS对照组。NC组饲养温度维持在24±1℃，而HS组则暴露于34±1℃环境，每日8小时持续4周。结果显示，CHS显著降低了肉鸡的生长性能并损害肉质（p＜0.05）。然而，添加三丁酸甘油酯可改善CHS暴露肉鸡的增重（ADG）和饲料转化率（FCR）（p＜0.05）。此外，三丁酸甘油酯显著提高CHS暴露肉鸡肉质的剪切力值和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性，同时显著降低胸肌滴失量、乙醚提取物含量和丙二醛（MDA）含量（p＜0.05）。进一步研究发现，补充三丁酸甘油酯上调CHS暴露肉鸡胸肌中Nrf2、NQO1、HO-1、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的mRNA表达量（p＜0.05）。基于这些积极效果，研究进一步深入探讨了0.16%三丁酸甘油酯（HS+0.16%T）对盲肠菌群的影响。与HS处理组相比，HS+0.16%T处理组的Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group相对丰度显著增加（p＜0.05），乳杆菌丰度也呈现上升趋势（p = 0.096）。研究结果表明，该三丁酸甘油酯成功提升了泰和乌骨鸡的生长性能和肉质。此外，0.16%浓度的三丁酸甘油酯通过增强肌肉抗氧化能力显著改善了肉质，这一效果被认为与Nrf2信号通路的激活密切相关。

关键词：周期性热应激；泰和乌骨鸡；三丁酸甘油酯；生长性能；肉质

Simple Summary

High ambient temperature exposure-induced heat stress is one of the major problems in subtropical regions, severely affecting poultry health and production. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary tributyrin supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota in Taihe silky fowls under cyclic heat stress (CHS) conditions. The results demonstrated that CHS remarkably reduced growth performance and impaired meat quality, while dietary tributyrin supplementation partially alleviated the adverse effects of CHS on these parameters. Additionally, tributyrin supplementation improved meat quality by enhancing muscle antioxidant capacity, which is believed to be associated with activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings are useful for the development of anti-heat stress feed additives in Taihe silky fowls.

Abstract

Heat stress adversely affects poultry production and meat quality, leading to economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding tributyrin on growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota of Taihe silky fowls under cyclic heat stress (CHS) conditions. In this study, 120-day-old Taihe silky fowls (male) were randomly divided into six dietary treatments. These treatments included a normal control treatment (NC, fed a basal diet), a heat stress control treatment (HS, fed a basal diet), and HS control treatments supplemented with 0.04%,0.08%, 0.16%, and 0.32% tributyrin, respectively. The NC treatment group was kept at 24±1℃,while the HS treatment birds were exposed to 34 ±1℃ for 8 h/d for 4 weeks. Results showed that CHS decreased growth performance and compromised the meat quality of broilers (p< 0.05).However, tributyrin supplementation improved ADG and FCR in broilers exposed to CHS (p< 0.05).Additionally, tributyrin supplementation resulted in increased shear force value and GSH-Px activity,as well as a decrease in drip loss, ether extract content, and MDA content of the breast muscle in broilers under CHS (p<0.05). Furthermore, tributyrin supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expressions of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD, and GSH-Px of the breast muscle in broilers exposed to CHS (p<0.05). Based on these positive effects, the study delved deeper to investigate the impact of 0.16% tributyrin supplementation (HS+0.16%T) on the cecum microbiota. The HS+0.16%T treatment showed an increase in the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group (p< 0.05) and a trend towards an increase in Lactobacillus (p= 0.096) compared to the HS treatment. The results indicate that supplementation successfully improved the growth performance and meat quality of Taihe silky fowls. Furthermore, tributyrin supplementation, particularly at levels of 0.16%, improved meat quality by enhancing muscle antioxidant capacity, which is believed to be associated with activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Keywords: cyclic heat stress; Taihe silky fowls; tributyrin; growth performance; meat quality.

翻译:伏晓晓

原文：Chen C, Qu M, Li G, et al. Dietary tributyrin improves growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota in Taihe silky fowls under Cyclic heat stress[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(20): 3041.

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